In April 2012, for example, attackers exploited a Java vulnerability to infect about 670,000 Macs with a Trojan program called Flashback. The majority of these attacks target Windows PCs, but Mac users have had their fair share of problems because of vulnerabilities in browser plug-ins like Flash Player and Java. Sandboxing Flash Player under Safari on OS X increases the level of protection against Web-based attacks that exploit vulnerabilities in browser plug-ins to install malware on systems. The result is that customers can still view Flash Player content while benefiting from these added security protections." Finally, the sandbox limits Flash Player's networking privileges to prevent unnecessary connection capabilities. "The sandbox also limits Flash Player's local connections to device resources and interprocess communication channels. "Flash Player's capabilities to read and write files will be limited to only those locations it needs to function properly," wrote Peleus Uhley, a platform security strategist at Adobe, in a blog post. A sandbox is a mechanism that enforces certain restrictions on how an application interacts with the underlying operating system. Adobe has worked with Apple to sandbox Flash Player under Safari in OS X Mavericks, restricting the ability of attackers to exploit any vulnerabilities they might find in the browser plug-in.
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